by William H. Ross, & Carole Wieland (1996).
Journal of Applied Psychology, 81, 228-248.
Participants in a laboratory experiment (N = 79) role-played
managers mediating a dispute between two peers. Building on previous
research (e.g., P.J. Carnevale & D. E. Conlon, 1988) and theory (e.g.,
D. G. Pruitt, 1981), a 2 x 3 factorial design varied time pressure on the
mediators (high vs. low time pressure) and trust exhibited between two
preprogrammed disputants (high trust vs. low trust vs. no-message control
group). Participants could choose from messages exhibiting P.J. Carnevale's
1986 Strategic Choice Model of Conflict Mediation (inaction, pressing,
compensating, or integrating), as well as rapport-building messages from
K. Kressel's (1972) "reflexive" strategy. Results suggested that
high time pressure increased the mediators' use of pressing messages and
decreased the use of inaction messages. Participants also sent more
reflexive messages when trust was low. Results are discussed in terms
of mediation and conflict management theory.
Abstract Copyright (C) 1996 by the American Psychological Association